Improvement in machines for cutting files



'1. RiEPPEL.

Iimprovement in Machines for Cutting Files. No. 130,076 Patented Juiys ,1812.

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JOHN RIEPPEL, OERENOVO, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPRQVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR CUTTING FILES.

Specication-forming part of Letters Patent No. 130,076, dated July 30,1872.

Machine, invented by JOHN RLEPPEL, of

VRenovo, in the county of Clinton and State of Pennsylvania.

In this machine the hammer is lifted by steam, and falls by its own weight when the steam is exhausted from below the piston.

The lifting of the chisel-head and the feed of the blank are each effected by steam.

A striking-pin on the hammer-stock operates the valve to give a certain consecutive action to the steam to produce the motions in their proper order. The parts are so arranged and connected that the length of the stroke of the hammer and the consequent force of the blow will be varied to correspond with the width of the file-blank. Adjustments are provided for les of varying cut and different p sizes of blanks.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a machine illustrating my invention.V Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section of a portion thereof. Fig. 3 is an elevation of a feed movement, hereinafter described.

A is the base-plate of the machine. B is a standard erected thereon, and supporting the single-acting steam-cylinder G, whose duty is to lift the hammer D. The stock of the hammer D is journaled to the post G. The pistonrod of the steam-cylinder has a cross-head, E, which is connected by vertical side rods to cross-wrists F on the hammer-head. H is the stock of the chisel I. It is journaled to the standard B, and elevated, in the intervals between the blows of the hammer, by means of a rod, h, connecting it with a piston in the small cylinder J, in the immediate vicinity of the larger cylinder C. L is the bed-plate on which the lead-bed l is placed to receive the file-blank Z". The blank-bed l rests on an' anvil-block on the base-plate A, and is carried by arms M M projecting from a feed-screw, M, which passes loosely through lugs or posts N N', rising from the base-plate A, and is moved by the ratchet-wheel n, pawl nl, and arm n2, as the rod O is moved downward by the lever P, the ratchet-wheel n being threaded upon the screw M and held from endwise movement by the post N. The lever P is fulcrumed at p, and receives a reciprocating movement from a pin, h', projecting horizontally from the connecting-rod h into a slot in the forward end of the lever l?. R R are two guide-rollers rotating on vvertical axes, and bearing against the edges of the iile -blank to hold it steady while cutting. These rollers are adjustable toward and from the file-blank, both for varying widths of les of the diii'erent kinds and sizes, and also for the dierent widths of taper tiles at the points, bellies, and butts. The roller-carriages S S slide in guides transversely of the machine, and are constantly pressed inward by the fangs t on shaft t', (one shown.) T T are levers on the shafts t', and upon their inner ends rest the weight of the rods Y Y, the cross-bar W, and the tappetrod X. This weight causes the rollers to bear against the edge of the file-blank, and as the blank widens the rollers are pressed out, and

vice versa. On the rod X are the tappets mv',

upon which impinges the striking-pin d on the stock of the hammer D. As the hammer falls the pin d strikes the lower tappet w', and turns the rod X and crank-arm w partly round, pulling the valve-rod y outward, and thus actuating the valve by which the steam is admitted, first into the cylinder C to raise the hammer, and then into the cylinder J to raise the chisel and feed the blank. The elevation of the hammer D brings the striking-pin d in contact with the upper tappet x, and thus changes the valve to permit the escape of steam from the cylinders.

The operation is as follows: The hammer D descending, the striking-pin d, impinging on the lower tappet rotates the tappet-rod X and moves the valve inward, admitting steam to the cylinder C below the piston and to the cylinder J. Steam below the piston in cylinder C raises the hammer by means of the rods from the cross-head E. At the same time steam below the piston in cylinder J raises the chisel-stock H so that the chisel-edge is clear of the le-blank. As the stroke of the hammer-piston is much longer than that of the chisel-stock piston, (so to call it,) the latter more quickly arrives at the end of its stroke, and the same movement, acting through the medium of the lever P, rod o, arm n2, pawl nl, and ratchet-wheel a, imparts the necessary endwise movement to the screw M to feed the bed L and tile-blank therein beneath the chisel while the latter is yet elevated; these chisellifting and blank-feeding operations having been accomplished While the hammer is yet' ascending. As the hammer attains its elevation, the striking-pin d impin ges upon the upper tappet m, rotating the tappet-rod X, and sliding the valve in its chamber in such a manner as to permit the steam to escape from each of the cylinders. The chiselstock falls, the hammer falls, the forward end of the lever P falls, and the click al takes another tooth. The chisel stock and hammer descend together, but the former, having but a short distance to go, reaches the file-blank. before the hammer descends on the head of the chisel. The descent of the hammer brings the strikingpin d of the hammer-stock against the tappet changes the steam-valve, and the order of actions just recapitulated again recurs.

Several adjustments are required in tile-cutting machines to secure any required strength of blow and distance of feed between cuts. These are generally coincident adjustments, as a certain relation is maintained between the depth and distance. Files are known by size and by quality of cut; but the latter is not positive, but relative. `Each size of iile has a number of grades; but the coarsest quality of a small le has the same actual distance between cuts as the smoothest, but one, quality ofthe largest size, as shown in the fol1ow ing table:

Approximate Numbers of Oats in the inch of Stabs Files.

Length oftzajilc inwinchcs.. 4 6 8 12 16 '20 .Rough-cut 56 5'?. 44 40 28 21 Superiine-cut :16 144 112 The adjustment in my machine for the depth of cnt is made by varying the elevation of the hammer. This is done by the adjustment of the tappet x on the rod X by means of the turn-buckles y y on the rods Y Y. As the contactof the striking-pin Z with the upper ta-ppet 00 is the immediate cause of the valveniovement, which allows the steam to escape fromi cylinder C and the hammer to drop, it` will be evident that drawing the said tappet down on the rod X will cause the hammer to drop after having attained a less elevation than it would have reached had the tappet a; a higher adjustment on its rod X. The steamcylinders have but one common valve, and the order of motion is always the same whatever the length of hammer-stroke. The latter is always so much in excess of those of the feed and chisel lifting that the latter two have always time to transpire, in the manner detailed above, during the upward stroke of' the hammer.

One more mode of adjustment remains to be described: It will be perceived that when a narrow file is between the guide-rollers they approach nearer together, and as a consequence the rods Y Y and the beam YV, together with the tappet-rod X, fall to a certain extent. This descent depresses the tappet .v and thus shortens the stroke of the hammer. The result is this: On the narrow parts of a file the blow is lighter, as the narrow part is also the point part. Where the serration should be more shallow, the width of the le becomes a measure of the strength of the blow. A rolling adjustment of the bed may be added for cutting the curved sides of half round, round, and rat-tail files.

The Obliquity of the cut relatively to the length of the le may be given by the angle at which the chisel is mounted in the stock, or by giving an oblique direction of motion to the feed-bed. In cutting floats but one adjustment of this kind will beneeded; but with double-cut files it will be necessary to make provision for setting the chisel at another angle in the head, or to give another adjustment. to the feed-bed-an Obliquity on the oth er side of the general central line ofthe machine.

It is manifest that compressed air, or other compressible gas, may be substituted for steam, as the motive power in this machine.

I claim as my inventionl. The combination of the cylinders() J and their pistons, the hammer D, the chisel-holder and chisel, the feed mechanism, and the file-carriage, substantially as specified.

2. The combination of the cylinder C and piston and the hammer D with the valvemoving mechanism and mechanism that regulates the lift of the hammer, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with cylinders and their pistons, of the feed mechanism, hammer, val vemoving mechanism, and mechanism that regulates the lift ofthe hammer, substantially as specified.

JGH. RIEPPEL. 

